第二篇 15 Million Americans Suffer from Social Anxiety Disorder

　　Social anxiety disorder prevents some 15 million Americans from leading normal social and romantic lives, a new survey finds.

　　The disorder leaves many isolated, ashamed and often misdiagnosed. Thirty-six percent of those with social anxiety disorder have symptoms for 10 years or more before seeking help, the Anxiety Disorders Association of America reports.

　　"Social anxiety disorder is when somebody has an intense, persistent and irrational fear of social or performance situations," Jerilyn Ross, the association's president and CEO, said during a teleconference Wednesday.

　　"The condition causes people to avoid common, everyday situations and even other people for fear of being judged or criticized or humiliated or embarrassing themselves," Ross said.

　　Social anxiety disorder can interfere with daily routines and job performance, Ross noted. "It also makes it very difficult for people to develop friends and romantic partnerships," she said.

　　People with this disorder recognize their fear is excessive and irrational, Ross noted. "But they feel powerless to do anything about it," she said.

　　Social anxiety disorder can start in the early teens, Dr. Mark H. Pollack, director of the Center for Anxiety and Traumatic Stress Disorders and a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, said during the teleconference.

　　"This is a disorder that starts affecting people early on," Pollack said. "The typical age of onset is early adolescence, age 12 or 13, and many individuals report a history of anxiety dating back to earlier childhood."

　　The disorder also has physical symptoms, including heart palpitations, feelings that their throat will close up, sweating, blushing, faintness, trembling and stammering, Ross said.

　　Among people with the disorder, 75 percent said the condition affected their ability to do normal activities. In addition, 69 percent said they didn't want people to think they were crazy, and 58 percent said they were embarrassed by their condition, Ross said.

　　However, when the condition is diagnosed and treated, many reported improvement in their lives. In fact, 59 percent who were receiving treatment said treatment had a positive effect on their ability to have a romantic relationship. In addition, 39 percent who had received treatment said knowing that treatment can be successful aided their decision to get help, Ross noted.

　　36. People with social anxiety disorder are known for their fear of

　　A being left alone.

　　B leading normal lives.

　　C embarrassing other people.

　　D facing social or performance situations.

　　37. What do people with social anxiety disorder think of their fear?

　　A They think it's beyond their control.

　　B They think it's beneficial.

　　C They think it's controllable.

　　D They think it's justified.

　　38. Which is NOT true of people with social anxiety disorder?

　　A They're often isolated and ashamed.

　　B They find it difficult to make friends.

　　C They often fail to get timely treatment.

　　D They tend to judge or criticize other people:

　　39. The symptoms of social anxiety disorder include all the following EXCEPT

　　A heart palpitations.

　　B sore throat.

　　C sweating.

　　D blushing.

　　40. It can be seen from the last paragraph that treatment of the disorder

　　A has no positive effect at all.

　　B is unavailable to most sufferers.

　　C tends to be refused by the sufferers.

　　D can lead to improvement in the sufferers' lives.

　　第三篇 Hypertension Drugs Found to Cut Risk of Stroke

　　Australian doctors declared Monday that a cocktail of simple antihypertensive drugs can lower the risk of patients suffering a repeat stroke by more than a third. This is the result of their research. The research, presented at a medical conference in Italy over the weekend, has been valued highly as a major breakthrough in stroke prevention.

　　Strokes kill 5 million people a year, and more than 15 million suffer non-fatal strokes that often leave them with useless limbs, slurred speech and other serous disabilities. One in five stroke survivors goes on to have a second, often fatal, stroke within five years of the first.

　　An international six-year study of 6,100 patients directed from Sydney University found that by taking two blood pressure-lowering drugs, the risk of secondary strokes can be reduced by up to 40 per cent. Even taking one of the commonly available drugs can cut the risk by a third, the study said. The drugs are the diuretic indapamide and the ACE inhibitor perindopril, better known by its brand name Coversy. The combination was effective even in patients who did not have high blood pressure, the researchers said. They even found that the risk of another stroke could be cut by three quarters among the one-in-10 patients who had suffered a cerebral hemorrhage, the worst type of stoke, where there is direct bleeding into the brain.

　　Stephen McMahon, who presented the research at the Milan congress of the European Society of hypertension, said about 50 million people were alive who had suffered at least one stroke. “If most of those patients were able to get access to this treatment, it would result in maybe the avoidance of half a million strokes a year,” the professor told Australia’s ABC Radio.

　　McMahon said doctors had long known that lowering the blood pressure of those with hypertension could help prevent strokes. “What we have shown for the first time is that it does not really matter what your blood pressure is; if you have had a stroke, the lowering blood pressure will produce large benefits, to begin with―even for people whose blood pressure is average or below average,” he said.

　　McMahon said the Milan gathering had heralded the research as a “major breakthrough in the care of patients with strokes―perhaps the biggest step forward that we have made in the last couple of decades. ”

　　41. How many people surviving the first stroke may suffer another attack during the following five years?

　　A. More than 33% of them. B. Up to 40% of them

　　C. 20% of them. D. 10% of them.

　　42. Taking two blood pressure-lowering drugs may produce _____less risk of secondary strokes than taking only one such drug.

　　A. three quarters B. nearly four tenths

　　C. one fifth D. about one fourteenth

　　43. Which of the following is NOT a symptom left by strokes?

　　A. Habitual sleeplessness.

　　B. Losing the function of one more extremities.

　　C. Speaking unclearly.

　　D. Serious disabilities such as facial paralysis.

　　44. How many strokes may be reduced in a year if most of stroke patients can be treated in the way as the article recommends?

　　A. 5,000,000 B. 500,000

　　C. 50,000,000 D. 15,000,000

　　45. What patients among those who have had a stroke will benefit greatly from taking blood pressure-lowering drugs?

　　A. Those whose blood pressure is high.

　　B. Those whose blood pressure is average.

　　C. Those whose blood pressure is below average.

　　D. All of the above.

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